Rossini

ATHEROSCLEROSIS

NANOBAC
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COMPUTER

Computador

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/178066/J-Presper-Eckert-Jr?source=ONTHISDAY

J. Presper Eckert, Jr., in full John Presper Eckert, Jr.    (born April 9, 1919, Philadelphia, Pa., U.S.—died June 3, 1995, Bryn Mawr, Pa.), American engineer and coinventor of the first general-purpose electronic computer, a digital machine that was the prototype for most computers in use today.

Eckert was educated at the Moore School of Electrical Engineering at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (B.S., 1941; M.S., 1943), where he and his professor, John W. Mauchly, made several valuable improvements in computing equipment. In 1946 the pair fulfilled a government contract to build a digital computer, which they called ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer). In primitive form, ENIAC contained virtually all the circuitry used in present-day high-speed digital computers. It was used by the U.S. Army for military calculations.

In 1948 Eckert and Mauchly established a computer-manufacturing firm; a year later, they introduced BINAC (Binary Automatic Computer), which stored information on magnetic taperather than on punched cards. Designed to handle business data, UNIVAC I (Universal Automatic Computer), Eckert and Mauchly’s third model, found many uses in commerce and may be said to have started the computer boom. Between 1948 and 1966 Eckert received 85 patents, mostly for electronic inventions.

Eckert remained in executive positions at his company when it was acquired by Remington Rand, Inc., in 1950 and when that firm was, in 1955, merged into the Sperry Rand Corp. (later Unisys Corp.). Eckert was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 1967 and was awarded the National Medal of Science in 1968.

ARTICLE

Additional Reading

Alice R. Burks, Who Invented the Computer? The Legal Battle That Changed Computing History (2003), meticulously narrates the patent trial and favours John V. Atanasoff’s claim over that of John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert. On the other hand, Scott McCartney, ENIAC: The Triumphs and Tragedies of the World’s First Computer (1999), gives credit to Mauchly and Eckert for designing and building the first fully electronic digital computer in the United Statesduring the war.

LINKS

Related Articles

Aspects of the topic J. Presper Eckert, Jr. are discussed in the following places at Britannica.

association with

·         Mauchly  (in  John W. Mauchly (American physicist and engineer))

·         von Neumann  (in  John von Neumann (American mathematician): Later years and assessment)

role in development of computers

 (in  digital computer: Development of the digital computer)

·         ENIAC  (in  ENIAC (computer); in  computer: ENIAC )

·         UNIVAC  (in  UNIVAC (computer); in  computer: UNIVAC )

The Wheel

A Roda - The Wheel 
http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/wheel

A depiction of an onager-drawn cart on the Sumerian "battle standard of Ur" (circa 2500 BCE) Perhaps the most important invention in history, the wheel was—and remains—essential to the development of human civilization. The first wheels appeared in the 4th millennium BCE and were solid wooden disks. Spoked wheels were developed about 1,000 years later in Asia Minor and were used in the chariots of Caucasian horse cultures, which then penetrated into the Greek peninsula and laid the foundation for classical Greece. The spoked wheel remained in use without major modifications until when? More...